Leon Ding, whose real name is Linwei Ding, was taken into custody on Wednesday after being charged with four felonies in California.
More than 500 private files are said to have been taken by the Chinese national.
He may be sentenced to up to 10 years in jail and $250,000 in fines if found guilty on all counts.
Local media said that a lawyer representing Mr. Ding could not be reached for comment on the matter.
He is charged with stealing data related to Google’s supercomputing data centers’ architecture, which is utilized to house and train massive AI models.
