Jaeger had previously won six tournaments on the lower-tier Korn Ferry Tour, but he moved up to the top of the list on 12 under with a three-under 67.
In an attempt to win three in a row, world number one Scottie Scheffler missed a five-foot putt, forcing a play-off and ending in a five-way tie for second.
David Skinns and Aaron Rai, two Englishmen, tied for the group lead at 10 under.
After carding four birdies and a bogey on the front nine, Jaeger—who entered the final round in a five-way tie for the lead—made nine consecutive pars.
At the eighteenth hole, the 34-year-old came dangerously close to missing a 20-foot birdie putt that would have forced Scheffler into a play-off.
The world number one, however, passed up the chance—his first missed putt inside seven feet all weekend—having won the Players Championship and the Arnold Palmer Invitational back-to-back.
