It sounds familiar—a presidential election in 2024 with significant global ramifications. However, this one is coming far sooner than you may imagine. The results of Saturday’s presidential and parliamentary elections in Taiwan, a tiny but dynamic democracy in Asia that is right next to a much more powerful authoritarian neighbor, will have a significant impact well beyond its boundaries. China’s Communist leaders, who have long claimed Taiwan as part of their territory even though they have never had control over it, are keenly monitoring the outcome. The great majority of Taiwanese citizens oppose being dominated by China, a nation whose authoritarian leader Xi Jinping has strengthened his hold on power at home while Taiwan escalates its hostilities with its neighbors.