Girmay of Eritrea won the shortened sprint finish, with Fernando Gaviria of Colombia and Arnaud de Lie of Belgium coming in second and third.
Much of the pre-race discussion had focused on Cavendish’s chances of winning a record 35th stage, but a crash on the 230.8km route from Piacenza just over 2km from the finish left many riders out of position, including the Manxman.
Based on his total finishing places throughout the first three stages, Richard Carapaz became the first Ecuadorian to wear the yellow jersey.
Girmay, 24, who captured his first Grand Tour stage in the 2022 Giro d’Italia, spoke movingly at the finish to emphasize the significance of his accomplishment.
“I would say thanks to God for everything, for giving me all the strength and support,” Girmay stated.
“I’ve never imagined competing in the Tour de France since I started riding, but I’m in shock right now. I would like to express my gratitude to Africa, Eritrea, my wife, and my family.
“We have to feel pleased. We are now successful and compete in major races. This is our chance, this is our time. For the entire continent of Africa.
As cyclists fought for position, Cavendish and his Astana-Qazaqstan teammates were on the right side of the road.