FDA Finds Widespread PFAS Use in Personal Care Products
A new report from the US Food and Drug Administration shows that many everyday personal care products contain PFAS, often called forever chemicals.
As of 2024, the FDA identified more than 50 different PFAS ingredients used across nearly 1,700 personal care products. In total, the agency reviewed data covering over 1,000 commonly used items.
As a result, many people may apply products with PFAS to their skin, eyes, and lips every day. In some cases, they may do so several times daily.
Why PFAS Are Used in Cosmetics
Manufacturers intentionally add some PFAS to cosmetic products. These include items such as lipstick, eyeshadow, moisturiser, nail polish, blusher, and facial cleansers.
Companies use these chemicals to improve texture and durability. They also help products resist water, feel smoother, and create shine on skin or hair.
However, PFAS can also appear unintentionally. This can happen due to impurities in raw materials or when added PFAS break down into other related chemicals.
What the FDA Study Reviewed
The FDA examined cosmetic product submissions received between December 2023 and August 2024. In total, the agency analysed 430,134 personal care products sold in the United States.
From this review, the FDA identified several key findings.
Key Findings From the Report
Out of all products reviewed, 1,744 contained PFAS that manufacturers intentionally added. This represents 0.41 percent of the total.
The agency found 51 distinct PFAS used as cosmetic ingredients.
Eyeshadow showed the highest use, appearing in 20.5 percent of PFAS-containing products. Skincare products for the face and neck followed at 15.9 percent. Eyeliner accounted for 8.4 percent, face powder 6.6 percent, and foundation 4.5 percent.
The most common PFAS was polytetrafluoroethylene, also known as PTFE. Manufacturers reported its use in 490 products, making up 28.1 percent of PFAS-containing cosmetics.
Health Concerns Linked to PFAS Exposure
Research shows that cosmetics can contain several PFAS at once and sometimes at high levels. Because people apply these products directly to the skin, cosmetics may serve as a meaningful source of PFAS exposure.
The FDA stated that toxicology data remain limited for most PFAS found in personal care products. As a result, the agency cannot fully assess the health risks of long-term daily skin exposure.
However, the report highlighted one compound, perfluorohexylethyl triethoxysilane. At the highest reported concentration in body lotion, animal studies linked it to effects on the nervous system.
For other PFAS, the FDA noted that some compounds may pose low safety concerns when used as intended. Still, uncertainty remains due to gaps in available data.
How the US Is Regulating PFAS in Cosmetics
The Modernization of Cosmetics Regulation Act of 2022 significantly expanded the FDA’s authority over cosmetic safety. It marked the largest update to US cosmetic regulation since 1938.
Under this law, the FDA now reviews PFAS use in cosmetics and evaluates scientific evidence related to their safety. When needed, the agency also works with the National Center for Toxicological Research.
Together, these efforts aim to better understand the risks of PFAS and guide future decisions. Ultimately, the goal is to reduce harmful chemical exposure and move toward safer personal care products.
