Following Tuesday’s 1-1 draw at home against sixth-place Dundee, jeers broke out throughout Pittodrie.
Robson had declared “there is no panic from me” following his team’s third game without a victory. Robson was named manager in the summer after making an impression as interim leader.
However, Aberdeen has made the decision to look for a new management after three years.
“Although it has been a difficult call, the board felt the change was necessary and in Aberdeen’s best interests,” said chairman David Cormack.
Dundee and Aberdeen play to a 1-1 tie.
“Barry was entitled to be the manager of Aberdeen and was aware of the high standards
“We gave Barry as much time and support as we possibly could in the hope, and expectation, he could return us to the league form we witnessed in the spring of last year.”
First-team coach Peter Leven, with help from Scott Anderson, will assume temporary leadership at Pittodrie because assistant manager Steve Agnew is also leaving.
Robson took over as temporary manager of Jim Goodwin in January and secured a two-year contract in May to take on his first full-time managing position.
The 45-year-old had made a fantastic start at Pittodrie, leading the Dons from seventh position to third after a run of seven straight Premiership wins.
Aberdeen was eliminated from the Europa League this season after losing the home leg of their play-off match against Hacken
