The Sierra Madre, a rusty World War II-era landing craft that shelters a small group of Philippine marines and acts as the structural cornerstone of the Second Thomas Shoal atoll, is located 120 miles off the coast of Palawan, Philippines. The Permanent Court of Arbitration at the Hague ruled in 2016 that China lacked legal standing to assert its historical rights over the majority of the South China Sea, and that the shoal belonged to the Philippines. Following the court’s decision, Beijing made a strong public display of its rejection of it by accelerating the construction of multiple artificial islands equipped with military installations to support its claim to sovereignty over nearly the whole South China Sea.